Most problems on SPOJ are very reliant on the problem description. An unclear problem description can make the problem harder to solve than it should be. That's why the goal of this problem's description is to ensure that you have all the necessary information you need. However, it's not easy to include all information in the description without telling too much about the solution of the problem. Especially in riddles, where most problem descriptions are unclear. Some of them even have no problem description!

This problem is probably the easiest problem in SPOJ because I will give you the answer to this problem in the description. Well it's technically not the actual answer, but rather how you handle the test data correctly. If you already know what you're supposed to do with the input, I can ensure that you will solve this problem easily. It will be very simple, so simple that you can probably solve this if you have coded "Hello World!" at some point in your life. But then again, you might have forgotten how to code. But it's none of my concern.

Some people don't like long problem statement, and often times just read the input and output straight away. Maybe you just did that and come back here because you don't understand the input and output? That's why I told you that problem description is very important, don't skip it! Without it you will most likely lost on what you have to do. That is the power of a great problem description.

You're probably already itching to know what you have to do to get accepted in this problem. So now I will tell you how you solve this problem. Ready? Okay, here we go. You must process the input which consists of a number that will fit in a signed sixteen bit integer. Why sixteen bit you ask? Because I think it's unnecessary to increase the constraint to thirty-two or sixty-four bit since it won't add much difficulty to the problem. Decreasing it to two or three bit is also possible, but I like sixteen bit. But how do you process it? I might or might not have told you, but it's on the problem description.

If you still did not know what you are supposed to do with the input, perhaps you should start over reading from the top. Make sure you don't miss a single word that I typed here. You could also choose to continue reading, but I doubt it will benefit you anything. If you already read over but still can't understand what you have to do, maybe the next paragraph will help. I can't guarantee that, though.

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Note that this last paragraph doesn't tell you anything, it's just here to make the problem statement longer and to punish those people that only read the last paragraph. You must respect the effort made by the problem setter to create a story fitting for the problem, it's not easy you know. Also, the paragraph before this is useless. You should totally ignore it.

Input

An integer

Output

An integer

Example

Input:
0

Output:
0