MATSUM - Matrix Summation

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A N × N matrix is filled with numbers. BuggyD is analyzing the matrix, and he wants the sum of certain submatrices every now and then, so he wants a system where he can get his results from a query. Also, the matrix is dynamic, and the value of any cell can be changed with a command in such a system.

Assume that initially, all the cells of the matrix are filled with 0. Design such a system for BuggyD. Read the input format for further details.

Input

The first line of the input contains an integer t, the number of test cases. t test cases follow.

The first line of each test case contains a single integer N (1 <= N <= 1024), denoting the size of the matrix.

A list of commands follows, which will be in one of the following three formats (quotes are for clarity):

  1. "SET x y num" - Set the value at cell (x, y) to num (0 <= x, y < N).
  2. "SUM x1 y1 x2 y2" - Find and print the sum of the values in the rectangle from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2), inclusive. You may assume that x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2, and that the result will fit in a signed 32-bit integer.
  3. "END" - Indicates the end of the test case.

Output

For each test case, output one line for the answer to each "SUM" command. Print a blank line after each test case.

Example

Input:
1
4
SET 0 0 1
SUM 0 0 3 3
SET 2 2 12
SUM 2 2 2 2
SUM 2 2 3 3
SUM 0 0 2 2
END

Output:
1
12
12
13
Warning: large Input/Output data, be careful with certain languages

hide comments
sonu: 2017-06-20 17:43:54

Easy one if you Know 2d bit

joseluisacv2: 2017-06-03 04:41:10

It can be solved with 2D Segment Tree

cake_is_a_lie: 2017-02-28 17:24:28

cin/cout (optimized to avoid flushes); bit2d<int> 0.30s; bit2d<long long> 0.33s
If you're not getting AC with long long you're doing something wrong.
Also, the problem specifies that output values fit in signed ints. Intermediate overflow/underflow shouldn't be a concern since it will cancel itself out.

rraj001: 2016-12-11 10:32:38

Nice problem to learn 2D BIT
Use scanf printf :)

lt: 2016-11-28 17:10:05

2d-Segment Tree with most optimizations => TLE
2d - BIT => AC

Chandan Kumar Rai: 2016-11-09 05:40:09

In java , Bit2d give TLE .. any suggestions for AC

haozx1997: 2016-08-07 14:08:14

Hi guys ......if you got a Runtime error(SIGSEGV),change all the long long to int .

Mahtab: 2016-07-09 17:07:55

can any one give some test cases , I am getting error(SIGSEGV) .

narutorocks: 2016-06-15 18:37:24

NICE QUESTION TO LEARN 2D BIT

vsp4: 2016-06-04 07:10:11

Damn Its 1024**** Costed me few WA. Int works too :)


Added by:Matthew Reeder
Date:2006-10-29
Time limit:1.029s
Source limit:30000B
Memory limit:1536MB
Cluster: Cube (Intel G860)
Languages:All except: ERL JS-RHINO NODEJS PERL6 VB.NET
Resource:Al-Khawarizm 2006